Aslan Khuseinovich Abashidze ¹, Anastasia Aleksandrovna Belousova ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of International Law, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, RU

Abstract

Objectives: The study analyzes the obligations of the States with regard to the right to health, the practice of international judicial and quasi-judicial remedies for human rights infringements, national judicial institutions and as the major doctrinal approaches. Methods: The methodological basis is formed by the general scientific methods: analysis, synthesis, logical method, generalization, as well as special legal method, comparative legal method. Findings: The study analysis the main approaches to the implementation by States of their obligations under international law with respect to the full realization of the right to health, the conceptual and normative content of the right to health, and the practice of the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The paper presents the ways of further strengthening of the right to health as a fundamental human right. Application/Improvements: The suggested conclusions and recommendations may be applied by the RF Federal Assembly to develop optimal models of legislation in the field of health care and by the Ministry of Health of Russia to develop effective public health programs.

Keywords

Human Rights, International Protection of Human Rights, International Covenant on Economic, Right to Health, Social and Cultural Rights, Social and Cultural Rights, UN Committee on Economic.

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Aslan Khuseinovich Abashidze ¹, Vladislav Sergeevich Malichenko ², Svetlana Borisovna Malichenko ²

Affiliations
1 Department of International Law, RUDN University, Moscow, RU
2 Comparative Law Studies Division, Institute of Innovative Educational Programs in Healthcare, RUDN University, Moscow, RU

Abstract

Objectives: The articles analysis the role of convergence and harmonization of pharmaceutical regulation, as a basic component, ensuring pharmaceutical security and guarantying the realization of the right to health. Method: To achieve the main aim of the study national laws and documents of international organizations have been analyzed to identify main steps of human security concept formation and the role of access to healthcare in its realization. According to existing socioeconomic trends, main threats and challenges of pharmaceutical sector were identified showing the role of harmonization and convergence processes in its protection and realization of the right to health. Findings: An analysis of the processes taking place in different regions of the world, demonstrated the positive impact of regional integration to improve the health management system and the formation of common rules, regulating the drug market. Integration processes take into account regional specificities, providing point impact on the existing threats and challenges in the pharmaceutical sector, which allows neutralize differences in the capabilities of States to ensure the quality control of medicinal products within the same region. Focus on the convergence and harmonization of the legal framework will improve the drug regulatory system on a global level and ensure the quality of products used by patients, it is necessary to strengthen and provide numerous benefits for both regulators and the pharmaceutical industry and have a positive impact on the protection of public health. Improvements: The study result identifies main areas of harmonization and convergence of pharmaceutical regulations, which can be applied during regulation formation of any regional integrative organizations.

Keywords

Harmonization, Pharmaceutical Security, Regulation, Right to Health.

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Aslan Khuseinovich Abashidze ¹, Christina Otarovna Keburia ¹, Alexander Mikhailovich Solntsev ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of International Law, RUDN University, Moscow, RU

Abstract

Background/Objectives: The right to reparation is the core element of the human rights protection. The article is aimed to analyze the theory of the rights to reparation and practice of the three existing regional systems of human rights protection in this field. Methods: The article used scientific methodological approach to determine the entire and main aspects and concepts of the research. It also applied the comparative method to analyze core similarities and significant differences between the three regional systems on the right to reparation, the scientific methods of cognition, the method of generalization, system-structural method and also such special methods of science as: legal and technical, historical and forecasting methods. Findings: In the conclusion the authors come to the point that all three systems for the protection of human rights have significant developments in regard to the reparation. Despite of the historical fact that the Inter- American and African mechanisms for human rights protection having established after the European system, obviously, took their lead from the European practice, they developed own approach to the reparation issues that appears even in the procedural matters. Taking into account some different interpretations of the right to reparation and its very specific character, proved by the role of this right in the whole concept of the protection of human rights, the practice of international instruments should be researched in order to understand not only theoretical development but opportunities of practical realization. Application/Improvements: It is useful to study their experience of all human rights protection systems and to accumulate mutual practices and the application of certain measures in the local context.

Keywords

African Rights Protection System, European Rights Protection System, Human Rights Protection, Human Rights Violations, Inter-American human Rights Protection System, Right to Reparation.

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Aslan Khuseinovich Abashidze ¹, Alexander Mikhailovich Solntsev ¹, Ekaterina Vyacheslavovna Kiseleva ¹, Aleksandra Evgen’evna Koneva ¹, Dmitry Andreevich Kruglov ¹

Affiliations
1 The Department of International Law, RUDN University, Moscow, RU

Abstract

Background/Objectives: In 2015 the international community adopted a new agenda for sustainable development for the period of 2016–2030- Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). In the article, authors critically analyzed some of SDGs. Methods: The article used scientific methodological approach, which facilitates to determine the whole canvas of the research, identify the main aspects and concepts of the study. The research used scientific methods of cognition, i.e., dialectics, analysis, and synthesis, the method of generalization and system-structural method. The article also practiced special methods of science such as legal and technical, historical and forecasting methods. Findings: In this article, the authors critically analyze the SDGs with a view to determine problematic aspects of their implementation in the field of human rights protection, environmental protection, disaster risk reduction and management of migration and suggest ways to overcome these obstacles. Authors made many recommendations in these spheres. At the present stage, in the framework of global efforts aimed at the implementation of the SDGs, it is important to pay more attention to the mechanisms for monitoring the achievement of the goals. In this sense, a compliance review at the level of inter-regional, regional and sub-regional organizations can make a significant contribution and provide diversified, reliable and proven tools to assess progress in achieving the SDGs. Such reviews will identify regional trends, causes of problems, and similarities; they will facilitate the exchange of best practices, lessons learned and development of solutions and measures of mutual support at the global level, taking into account specific regional and sub-regional needs. Application/Improvements: The results could be used by UN bodies, inter-regional, regional and sub-regional organizations, ministers of States and other relevant stakeholders, which implements SDGs.

Keywords

Disaster Risk Reduction, Environmental Protection, Human Rights Protection, International Law, International Legal Regulation of Migration, Sustainable Development.

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